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Understanding Autism: A Guide for Parents
As a parent, understanding autism can feel overwhelming, but it’s an important step in ensuring you get the best support for your child or teenager. In this blog post, we’ll explain what autism is, how to properly test for it, the benefits of testing, and resources available in Oregon.
What is Autism?
Autism, or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a developmental disorder that affects communication, behavior, and social interactions. It’s called a “spectrum” because it encompasses a wide range of abilities and challenges. Children with autism may exhibit:
- Difficulties with social interactions
- Repetitive behaviors
- Restricted interests
- Sensory sensitivities
Why is Autism called a ‘spectrum’?
When someone refers to the “spectrum of autism,” they are describing the wide range of characteristics, challenges, and strengths that people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can have. Each child with autism is unique, and they display their own strengths and challenges.
The spectrum reflects the idea that autism can manifest differently in each person. Some children may have mild symptoms and be able to function relatively independently, while others may have more significant challenges that require more support. The spectrum also includes a range of intellectual abilities, from children with profound intellectual disabilities to those with average or superior intelligence.
Key characteristics of autism spectrum disorder often include difficulties with social interaction, communication challenges (both verbal and non-verbal), repetitive behaviors or restricted interests, sensory sensitivities, and sometimes, differences in how they process information.
It’s important to recognize that every person with autism is unique, and their experiences and needs can vary widely. The spectrum concept emphasizes the diversity within the autistic community and highlights the importance of individualized support and understanding.
Properly diagnosing autism provides a path for early intervention, personalized support and access to the right resources.
How to Test for Autism
Testing for autism involves multiple steps and a comprehensive evaluation process:
- Developmental Screening: This is the first step where a pediatrician checks if your child is meeting typical developmental milestones. Questionnaires and checklists are often used during regular check-ups. Your child’s pediatrician may refer you for a full evaluation based on scores from in-office screening responses.
- Comprehensive Diagnostic Evaluation: If screening indicates potential signs of autism, a more thorough evaluation is performed. This may include:
- Observations: Professionals observe your child’s behavior in different settings.
- Interviews: Parents and caregivers provide detailed information about the child’s developmental history and behavior.
- Standardized Testing: Tools like the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) are used by trained clinicians to assess communication, social interaction, and play.
- Multidisciplinary Approach: A team of specialists, including psychologists, occupational therapists, and/or speech-language pathologists may be involved to provide a comprehensive assessment.
Outcomes of Testing
Having your child or teen tested for autism can lead to several important outcomes:
- Early Intervention: Early diagnosis can lead to early intervention, which is crucial in improving outcomes for children with autism. Behavioral therapies, speech therapy, and/or occupational therapy can be started sooner, fostering development in key areas.
- Personalized Support: Understanding your child’s specific needs and strengths allows for tailored support at home, school, and in social settings. Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) can be developed to ensure appropriate educational accommodations.
- Access to Resources: A formal diagnosis opens the door to various resources and services that can support your child and family. This includes support groups, specialized programs, and financial assistance for therapies.
Outcomes of Testing
Having your child or teen tested for autism can lead to several important outcomes:
- Early Intervention: Early diagnosis can lead to early intervention, which is crucial in improving outcomes for children with autism. Behavioral therapies, speech therapy, and/or occupational therapy can be started sooner, fostering development in key areas.
- Personalized Support: Understanding your child’s specific needs and strengths allows for tailored support at home, school, and in social settings. Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) can be developed to ensure appropriate educational accommodations.
- Access to Resources: A formal diagnosis opens the door to various resources and services that can support your child and family. This includes support groups, specialized programs, and financial assistance for therapies.
Resources in Oregon
Oregon offers a wealth of resources to support children with autism and their families following an evaluation and proper diagnosis:
- Autism Society of Oregon: Offers information, resources, and support groups for parents and caregivers.
- FACT Oregon: A family network providing advocacy, training, and resources to families with children experiencing disabilities, including autism.
- Regional Programs: Many regions in Oregon have specialized programs within school districts to support children with autism.
- Early Intervention and Early Childhood Special Education (EI/ECSE): Provides services to young children with developmental delays, including those with autism.
Diagnosing Autism Provides a Pathway for Support.
Understanding autism and obtaining a proper diagnosis can make a significant difference in your child or teen’s life. By pursuing comprehensive testing and utilizing available resources, you can provide the best possible support for your child or teen’s growth and development. If you have concerns about your child’s development, consider speaking with your child’s pediatrician or medical team to start the evaluation process.
Collaborative care is the hallmark of our practice. We connect with your child’s pediatrician and specialists to provide well-rounded treatment and recommendations that support the whole child. For more information or to schedule an evaluation, please contact us.
